					22 January 2003 Cells break down own nucleus to stay healthy The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae destroys its own nucleus to rid itself of aged or damaged sections 22 January 2003 New NMR method for determining protein structure A new method for obtaining NMR data has been developed with the potential to perform much faster, more cheaply and with greater precision than conventional methods 22 January 2003 DNA: the barcode of life? Efforts to describe all the species on earth will fail unless biologists begin to use DNA sequences as biological 'barcodes', 22 January 2003 In Brief: University partnership for developing nations Plans for seven collaborative research-and-action projects for developing nations have recently been unveiled 22 January 2003 Bioterrorism: Agriculture shock Fears about terrorism usually centre on nuclear or biological weapons, but attackers could cause huge economic damage by spreading plant or animal diseases 22 January 2003 Foot and mouth strategy strengthened An antiviral drug could avert future foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) epidemics, scientists say 22 January 2003 Big hearted horses are first past the post One sporting fable - that winning horses have large hearts - turns out to be true, at least for steeplechasers 22 January 2003 India-UK collaboration: The best of both worlds India and the UK have all the makings of a successful future in collaborative scientific research, say experts from both countries 22 January 2003 BSE : a wolf in sheep's clothing? The entire sheep flock in the UK has been threatened with slaughter if BSE is found in farmed sheep 22 January 2003 Novel pathway may provide targets for development of exercise pills Researchers have identified a novel calcium signalling pathway in skeletal muscle that leads to the increased production of mitochondria 22 January 2003 New Congress considers legislation important to veterinarians and animal health The 108th Congress, which convened on 7 January, will take up matters affecting veterinarians and animal health and welfare 22 January 2003 FDA revises definition of "no residue" The FDA in December published a final rule revising the definition of 'no residue' in the new animal drug regulations 22 January 2003 NAS reports on potential risks of animal biotechnology Potential environmental impact and threats to human health top list of concerns 22 January 2003 FDA seeking comments for industry guidance on raw meat animal food The FDA seeks comments on a draft guidance for industry on the manufacture and labelling of raw meat foods 22 January 2003 Veterinary use of thalidomide forbidden by FDA To protect the public from the serious health risks posed by thalidomide, the FDA restricts the distribution of thalidomide 22 January 2003 Molecular signals needed for development of separate blood and lymph vessel networks During fetal development cells from the newly emerged blood circulatory system start to form the separate parallel lymphatic network 22 January 2003 First truly unnatural organism A group of scientists say they have created an organism that can produce a 21st amino acid and incorporate it into proteins completely on its own 22 January 2003 Fly gene offers insights into male fertility Using a human gene, scientists have been able to correct a defect in infertile flies that prevented them from carrying out a key step in the creation of sperm 22 January 2003 How herpes virus hides from immune system Researchers have discovered how one mouse herpes virus escapes detection 22 January 2003 Too much oxygen on the cell biology bench? Research suggests that cell biologists may be exposing the cell cultures they study to too much oxygen 22 January 2003 How an embryo attaches to the uterus Researchers have identified the specialized molecules which the embryo uses to attach itself to the wall of the uterus 22 January 2003 Protein that kills cancer cells A protein called cytidine uridine guanosine binding protein-2 (CUGBP2) can destroy several different types of cancer cells 22 January 2003 From bioscience to bioterror: Are we too late? The US government tries to prevent sensitive biological information falling into the hands of would-be terrorists - is it too late? 22 January 2003 Palomino puts pigment in the pale Two teams of researchers have reported identifying the gene responsible for the coat colour patterns of palomino and buckskin horses 22 January 2003 Double-helix jubilee takes a turn An exhibition to mark the 50th anniversary of James Watson's and Francis Crick's discovery of the DNA double-helix has opened in Cambridge 22 January 2003 Anthrax engineered to fight cancer Anthrax can be disabled and turned into a cancer-fighting weapon 22 January 2003 US officials urge biologists to vet publications for bioterror risk Biologists need to devise a better process for handling the publication of unclassified research that bioterrorists could use 22 January 2003 Nature's Correspondence: Comments of interest from Nature's readers Journals: how to decide what's worth publishing; Journals: impact factors are too highly valued; Animal research needs organized defence 22 January 2003 Development of a European Research Area Europe's Research Commissioner says there is a long way to go before Europe achieves its goal of a 'European Research Area' 22 January 2003 Smartest students shun science careers – except biology A new report finds that the United States' top college graduates are increasingly rejecting careers in science and engineering 22 January 2003 Cell editor joins Public Library of Science The push to create open-access scientific journals has been boosted by Cell editor's move to become executive director of the PLoS new publishing venture 22 January 2003 Science publishing versus security US experts have discussed whether publication practices in the life sciences could lead to 'sensitive' information reaching those who might misuse it 8 January 2003 Food animal veterinarian shortage causing growing concern According to many veterinarians food animal veterinarians are becoming an endangered species 8 January 2003 USDA issues new scrapie guidelines New federal scrapie guidelines are expected to simplify record keeping for sheep and goat dealers and markets 8 January 2003 First images of HIV in living cells Researchers have for the first time captured the very earliest stages of HIV infection in living cells		8 January 2003 Protein folding occurs step-by-step A team of researchers at the University of Maryland has observed for the first time how some proteins come together in a stepwise manner 8 January 2003 Key lactation gene discovered Scientists have discovered that a gene called xanthine oxidoreductase is required for lactation in female mice 8 January 2003 Gene therapy approach boosts immune system Using a novel gene therapy approach that boosts the body's immune system, a Northwestern University researcher has cured cancer in laboratory mice 8 January 2003 Differentiated blood cells can switch identity Certain mouse cells retain an ability to oscillate between B-cells and macrophages long after what was regarded as the point of no return 8 January 2003 Bone marrow derived stem cells can become CNS cells For the first time scientists have demonstrated that stem cells from whole adult bone marrow can be differentiated into several types of cells of the central nervous system 8 January 2003 Protein that regulates biological clock The biological clock is a single protein, Purdue University researchers report 8 January 2003 Breakthrough of the year: Small RNAs For decades, RNA molecules were dismissed as little more than drones, but a class of RNA molecules called small RNAs may actually be in charge of many cellular functions 8 January 2003 Birds might carry ebola virus Findings suggest that Ebola evolved from the same ancestor as bird retroviruses, raising the possibility that birds might still be carriers 8 January 2003 Nature in 2003 This year sees Nature getting up close and personal with researchers, plus authors are to retain copyright 8 January 2003 Bleak outlook for universities as state budget deficits bite Public universities in the United States are preparing for severe cuts in some of their research programmes this year 8 January 2003 Protein knots: A tangled problem Until relatively recently, there were almost no protein chains that contained a knot. Why is this? 8 January 2003 Biomechanics: A catapult action for rapid limb protraction Fast runners must be able to protract their limbs quickly in order to prepare for the next stance phase 8 January 2003 Tongue could be a source of BSE infection A new report suggests that tongue meat could carry a risk of infection from mad cow disease 8 January 2003 Stem and cancer cells have something in common The proliferation of stem cells and cancer cells might be controlled by the same protein 8 January 2003 Living tissue made to order for repair Surgeons of the future could be closing incisions instantly with high-speed jets of living cells 8 January 2003 Foot-and-Mouth would have jumped fence A report claims that ring-fence vaccination would not have halted Britain's devastating 2001 epidemic of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) 8 January 2003 Lab-grown meat nearing the menu Tissue engineers experimenting with ways of growing meat in a lab dish could soon provide a solution 8 January 2003 Alphavirus-based DNA vaccine breaks immunological tolerance Scientists at the National Cancer Institute, USA, have developed a new naked DNA vaccine which breaks tolerance and provides immunity to melanoma 8 January 2003 Out-of-body operation banishes tumours Cancer has been treated in an organ removed from the body to avoid affecting other organs 8 January 2003 Readers vote for the winners of The Scientist’s Choice Awards 2002 The Scientist honours excellence in equipment and services for laboratory researchers 8 January 2003 Warning: Read before you cite! A statistical study has revealed that scientists cite papers that they have not read 8 January 2003 Hearts grow with the flow argdsfv 8 January 2003 Hearts grow with the flow In vivo imaging techniques confirm that intracardiac fluid forces are essential for normal heart looping and development 8 January 2003 Rhodopsin molecules arranged in pairs to enhance sight Rhodopsin molecules arranges itself in pairs around the retina probably to act as a light-activated switch in the visual signalling pathway 8 January 2003 Duplicate genes provide strength in numbers Duplicate genes maintain functional compensation for each other 7 January 2003 Guidelines for antimicrobial use in food fish Guidelines for antimicrobial use for food fish veterinarians have been produced by the AVMA Steering Commitee on Antimicrobial Resistance 7 January 2003 Observing proteins and cells in the wild New research takes advantage of old technology to watch proteins and cells in their natural habitat 7 January 2003 Common cancer gene controls blood vessel growth Scientists have found a new target to squeeze off a tumour's blood supply 7 January 2003 Human kidneys created in mice A team of scientists has induced human stem cell tissue to grow into functional kidneys, and have accomplished the same with porcine stem cell tissue 7 January 2003 The role the academic community plays in scientific advancements Drug development fails to keep up with unprecedented advances in biomedical research due to barriers in the academic community 7 January 2003 Scientists urged to fight for their freedom Faced with unreasonable restrictions on stem cell research and biodefense, scientists must engage in public discourse and put up a loud protest 7 January 2003 Unusual myosin unites cytoskeletal systems An unconventional myosin is associated with microtubules, and probably acts as the bridge between the actin and microtubule cytoskeletal systems 7 January 2003 Cloning and congress: what next? Stem-cell research advocates were able to beat back last spring's attempt at a US ban on all cloning of human embryos - but only just 7 January 2003 Breakthroughs 2002: Frozen images Cryoelectron tomography (cryo-ET) has emerged as a breakthrough technique for viewing structures inside intact cells


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